PDFM 5.1便携式多普勒流量计
- 夹紧式超声波传感器
- 手持式仪表，配有大型背光LCD显示屏和累加器
- 内置电池和/或交流供电
- 内置5键校准器
- 300,000点数据记录器
- USB输出和Windows软件
- 4-20mA输出
- 坚固耐用的水密携带箱
PDFM 5.1 Portable Doppler Flow Meter
- Clamp-on Ultrasonic Transducer
- Handheld Meter with large backlit LCD Display and Totalizer
- Internal Battery and/or AC Powered
- Built-in 5-Key Calibrator
- 300,000 point Data Logger
- USB Output and Windows software
- 4-20mA Output
- Rugged, watertight Carry Case
它是流量故障排除，平衡和检查永久流量计性能的理想选择。新的PDFM 5.1快速且易于操作 – 您可以在不到一分钟的时间内将传感器安装在管道外部。使用内置键盘和校准菜单为您的应用设置流量计。PDFM 5.1适用于含有气泡或固体的液体，推荐用于“难处理的液体”，如废水，浆液，污泥，化学品，粘性液体和研磨剂。测量流量通过大多数金属和塑料管道，包括PVC，球墨铸铁，碳钢和不锈钢。
Greyline PDFM 5.1采用交流/直流电源，内置镍氢电池和外部充电器。凭借其4-20mA输出，您可以将PDFM 5.1用作关键应用中的备用变送器。对于流量研究和故障排除，请使用内置的300,000点数据记录器。使用’Greyline Logger’软件检索数据日志 – 每个PDFM 5.1免费提供。将USB输出直接连接到PC或笔记本电脑以下载数据记录器文件。
PDFM 5.1包括一个非侵入式多普勒超声波传感器，用于直径为1/2“至180”（12.5 mm至4.5 m）的管道，不锈钢传感器安装支架和夹具，耦合复合物和AC充电器，坚固的IP67手提箱。内置电池最长可运行18小时，并可在一夜之间充电。
It’s ideal for flow troubleshooting, balancing and checking performance of permanent flow meters. The new PDFM 5.1 is fast and easy to operate – you can mount the sensor on the outside of a pipe in less than a minute. Use the built-in keypad and calibration menu to set up the flowmeter for your application. The PDFM 5.1 works on any liquid containing bubbles or solids and is recommended for “difficult liquids” like wastewater, slurries, sludge, chemicals, viscous liquids and abrasives. Measures flow through most metal and plastic pipes including PVC, ductile iron, carbon steel and stainless steel.
The Greyline PDFM 5.1 is AC/DC powered with built-in NiMH batteries and external charger. With its 4-20mA output you can use the PDFM 5.1 as a spare transmitter in critical applications. For flow studies and troubleshooting use the built-in 300,000 point Data Logger. Retrieve data logs with ‘Greyline Logger’ software – included free with each PDFM 5.1. Connect the USB output directly to your PC or Laptop to download data logger files.
The PDFM 5.1 includes a non-intrusive Doppler ultrasonic sensor for pipes from 1/2″ to 180″ (12.5 mm to 4.5 m) diameter, a stainless steel sensor mounting bracket and clamps, coupling compound and AC charger with a rugged IP67 carry case. It operates up to 18 hours from internal batteries and recharges overnight.
便携式多普勒流量计规格
范围：本规范包括一个便携式超声波多普勒流量计，由Greyline Instruments，Largo，Florida/Long Sault，Ontario制造。该仪器应提供完整管道中流量的非侵入式流量测量、指示、总计、传输和数据记录。
一般：
每个便携式多普勒流量计应具有以下设计特点和工程规范：
A.性能规范
测量正向和反向流量±0.1至40 ft/sec（±0.03至12.2 m/sec）。
在大多数废水应用中，精度为满刻度的±2%。
线性度为±0.5%，重复性为±0.25%。
对夹带颗粒或气体大于等于100微米且最低浓度为75 ppm的液体进行操作。
从普通管道材料的外部操作，包括：碳钢、不锈钢、球墨铸铁、铜、PVC、FRP、ABS和其他选定的工程材料。
使用交流/直流电源操作。
B.传感器
有一个单头，夹紧传感器与双压电陶瓷传输和接收晶体封装在环氧树脂和不锈钢外壳。
传感器应为固态，隔离变压器，并在640kHz下运行。
传感器应防水，在-40°F至300°F（-40°C至150°C）的温度下工作，并能承受10 psi的意外淹没。
传感器应设计为安装在内径为1/2“至180”（12.5 m m至4.5 m）的管道上。
有一根12英尺（3.6米）长的柔性屏蔽同轴电缆，从传感器延伸到电子设备。
应包括制造商推荐的传感器耦合化合物和可调不锈钢传感器安装夹。
C.电子
有一个便携式的ABS电子外壳和一个衬垫，防水的IP67手提箱。
总重量应小于14磅（6.5千克）。
电子设备应设计为在-10°至140°F（-23°至60°C）的温度下连续运行。
有一个内置的5键校准键盘，操作员可通过菜单校准系统的视觉提示选择参数。
不接受需要通过参数代码或外部校准器进行校准的系统。
具有用户可选择的菜单语言，包括英语、法语和西班牙语。
有一个白色的背光矩阵显示器，以用户选择的工程单位显示流量、总流量、校准单位和信号强度。
具有显示屏背光亮度调节功能，降低功耗。
流量比例4-20mA输出，额定最大电阻负载为500欧姆。
内置30万点数据记录器、USB输出和连接电缆。数据记录器应支持时间和日期标记的日志记录，并生成格式化的流报告，包括总计、平均值、最小值、最大值和发生次数。
包括用于数据日志检索、绘图和导出的Windows软件。
具有自动信号强度和信号置信度监测。
有键盘可调信号切断，以减少干扰。
应包括带有100-240Vac 50/60Hz输入的外部充电器。
应包括一个内部镍氢可充电电池，最小容量为18小时连续电池运行。
有一个电池状态指示灯，自动关闭低电池和电池过充电保护。
使用户可选择的“睡眠模式”与数据记录器采样率同步，以降低电池功耗。
D.根据需要插入规范的可选功能：
包括额外的150 g。制造商推荐的超声波传感器耦合化合物。
包括50英尺（15米）长的传感器电缆延长线，连同连接插头。
E.制造商
仪器应为Greyline Instruments Inc.制造的PDFM 5.1便携式多普勒流量计，并保证一年内不会出现材料和工艺缺陷。
规格如有更改，恕不另行通知。如果您在申请中需要更多信息或建议，请联系Greyline。我们可以提供报价，并向贵公司所在地区的Greyline销售代表咨询。
PORTABLE DOPPLER FLOW METER SPECIFICATIONS
SCOPE: This specification covers a portable, ultrasonic Doppler-type flow meter as manufactured by Greyline Instruments, Largo, Florida / Long Sault, Ontario. This instrument shall provide for non-intrusive flow measurement, indication, totalizing, transmitting and data logging of the flow rate in a full pipe.
GENERAL:
Each portable Doppler flow meter shall have the following design features and engineering specifications:
A. PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS
Measure forward and reverse flow ± 0.1 to 40 ft/sec (± 0.03 to 12.2 m/sec).
Have an accuracy of ±2% of full scale on most wastewater applications. Have linearity of ±0.5% and repeatability of ±0.25%.
Operate on liquids with entrained particles or gases of 100 microns or larger and minimum concentrations of 75 ppm.
Operate from the outside of common pipe materials including: carbon steel, stainless steel, ductile iron, copper, PVC, FRP, ABS and other selected engineering materials.
Operate on AC/DC power.
B. TRANSDUCER
Have a single-head, clamp-on transducer with twin piezo-electric ceramic transmit and receive crystals encapsulated in epoxy resin and a stainless steel housing.
The transducer shall be solid state and transformer isolated, and operate at 640KHz.
The transducer shall be waterproof and operate at temperatures from -40°F to 300°F (-40°C to 150°C), and withstand accidental submersion to 10 psi.
The transducer shall be designed to install on pipes with inside diameter ranging from 1/2″ to 180″ (12.5 mm to 4.5 m).
Have a 12 ft (3.6 m) long flexible, shielded coaxial pair cable extending from the transducer to the electronics.
Shall include Manufacturer’s recommended sensor coupling compound and adjustable stainless steel sensor mounting clamp.
C. ELECTRONICS
Have a portable ABS electronics enclosure with a padded, watertight IP67 carrying case. Total weight shall be less than 14 lbs (6.5 kg).
Electronics shall be designed for continuous operation at temperatures from -10° to 140°F (-23° to 60°C).
Have a built-in 5-key calibration keypad with operator selection of parameters through visual prompts from a menu calibration system. Systems requiring calibration by Parameter codes or external calibrators shall not be accepted.
Have user-selectable menu languages including English, French and Spanish.
Have a white, backlit matrix display indicating flow in user-selected engineering units, totalized flow, units of calibration, and signal strength.
Have display backlight brightness adjustment for reduced power consumption.
Have flow proportional 4-20mA output rated to maximum resistive load of 500 ohms.
Have a built-in 300,000 point data logger, USB output and connecting cables. Data logger shall support time and date-stamped logging and generate formatted flow reports including total, average, minimum, maximum and times of occurrence.
Include Windows software for data log retrieval, graphing and export.
Have automatic signal strength and signal confidence monitoring.
Have keypad adjustable signal cutoff to reduce interference.
Shall include an external charger with 100-240VAC 50/60Hz input.
Shall include an internal NiMH rechargeable battery with minimum capacity for 18 hours continuous battery operation.
Have a battery status indicator with automatic low battery shut off and battery overcharge protection.
Have user-selectable “sleep mode” synchronized to data logger sample rate for reduced battery power consumption.
D. OPTIONAL FEATURES FOR INSERTION IN SPECIFICATION AS REQUIRED:
Include additional 150 g. manufacturer’s recommended ultrasonic sensor coupling compound.
Include 50 ft (15 m) length Sensor Cable extension complete with connecting plugs.
E. MANUFACTURER
The instrument shall be a Model PDFM 5.1 Portable Doppler Flow Meter as manufactured by Greyline Instruments Inc., and warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for one year.
Specifications are subject to change without notice. Please contact Greyline if you need more information or for advice in your application. We can provide quotations and refer you to the Greyline sales representative in your area.
流量计运作原理
仪器电子设备测量从发送声音到回声返回所需的时间。根据空气中的声速，可以高精度计算出液体表面与传感器的准确距离（0.25%范围）。
由于声速受空气温度的影响，灰线超声波液位传感器包括一个内置的温度传感器。水平/距离测量在传感器的整个工作温度范围内自动进行温度补偿。
传感器的位置应使其能清楚地“看到”液体表面，远离梯子、管道或其他障碍物。Greyline建议每10英尺深度距离侧壁1英尺（每3米深度300毫米）。来自搅拌器的假回波（在传感器下扫过）、湍流和波可以被仪器过滤和忽略。
Greyline模型的范围从简单的4-20mA液位指示发送器，到复杂的监控、控制和数据记录模型。返回greyline产品了解级别模型详细信息和规格。有关包括超声波在内的各种液位仪表技术的信息，请参阅废水液位测量技术。
测量管外脏污或充气液体的流量
多普勒效应由奥地利物理学家克里斯蒂安·多普勒于1842年提出。我们每天都能听到多普勒的例子：火车经过时的汽笛声改变音调，或者赛车驶过我们的位置时的排气噪音。
多普勒技术只适用于含有固体或气泡的液体来反射其信号。这些是“困难”的液体，可能会损坏常规流量计：泥浆、污泥、废水、磨料、粘性和腐蚀性化学品。由于传感器安装在管道外部，因此没有压降，也没有流动障碍物。
为了获得很好性能，多普勒传感器应安装在远离湍流产生装置（如弯管和三通）的地方，远离速度增加装置（如控制阀和泵）。典型精度为满刻度的±2%。多普勒仪器包括一个夹式超声波传感器、连接电缆和一个电子外壳，可以安装在附近方便的位置（500英尺/152米范围内）。传感器可以本质安全地额定安装在危险的额定位置。
需要非常精确的定时电路，但当传感器可以安装在流量均匀分布的管段上时，1%的精度非常典型。
由于超声波信号必须穿过管道到达接收传感器，因此流体中不得含有大量气泡或固体（小于2%）。否则高频声音会减弱，太弱，无法穿过管道。应用包括饮用水、冷却水、水/乙二醇溶液、液压油、燃油和化学品。
渡越时间传感器通常工作在1-2兆赫的频率。高频设计通常用于较小的管道，低频设计用于直径达数米的大型管道。
水槽和堰是专门设计的渠道形状，以表征水流。常见的类型有矩形堰、V型槽堰、Parshall水槽和Palmer Bowlus水槽。水槽或堰型的选择取决于应用：流速、渠道形状和水的固体含量。请联系Greyline Instruments以获取有关为您的应用选择合适水槽或堰的建议。
灰线明渠流量计可以通过菜单选择校准到水槽或堰。明渠流量计电子设备使用内部公式计算流量（流量=k h n，其中“k”和“n”为常数，“h”为仪器测量的压头）。通过直接输入“k”和“n”常数，可以对不常见或自定义水槽进行校准。Greyline还提供了一个PC软件程序“find k&n”，用于根据水槽或堰流图开发校准常数。
Greyline明渠流量计包括非接触式超声波传感器、连接电缆和电子外壳，可安装在附近方便的位置（500 ft/152 m内）。传感器可以本质安全地额定安装在危险的额定位置。仪器显示、汇总、传输和控制，有些型号包括数据记录/流量报告系统。
在没有水槽或堰的情况下测量明渠流量。面积速度流量计连续测量水位和流速，以计算明渠或管道中的流量。
超声波传感器安装在管道或通道的底部。为了测量水位，传感器发送超声波脉冲，这些脉冲通过水传播并从液体表面反射出来。仪器精确测量回声返回传感器所需的时间。根据水中声速，测量声级精度为±0.25%。
用连续注入水中的超声多普勒信号测量流速。这种高频声音（640kHz）从悬浮在液体中的颗粒或气泡反射回传感器。如果流体在运动，回声以与流速成比例的变化频率返回。利用该技术，仪器测量流速的精度为±2%。
greyline面积流速流量计工作在部分满管和溢流管、矩形、梯形和蛋形通道中。
可选-单独的液位和速度传感器
一个单独的向下看超声波传感器可用于高充气或湍流应用。它通过将超声波脉冲通过空气传输到液体表面来测量液位，精度为±0.25%。在水位传感器的基础上，采用水下多普勒速度传感器对水位进行测量。
HOW IT WORKS
The instrument electronics measure the time it takes from transmitted sound to return of the echo. With reference to the speed of sound in air, the exact distance of the liquid surface from the sensor can be calculated with high accuracy (±0.25% of maximum range).
Since the speed of sound is affected by air temperature, Greyline ultrasonic level sensors include a built-in temperature sensor. Level/distance measurements are automatically temperature compensated throughout the operating temperature range of the sensor.
The sensor should be positioned so that it has a clear “view” of the liquid surface and away from ladders, pipes or other obstructions. Greyline recommends 1 ft. from the sidewall for every 10 ft. depth (300 mm for every 3 m depth). False echoes from agitators (sweeping under the sensor), turbulence and waves can be filtered and disregarded by the instrument.
Greyline models range from simple 4-20mA level indicating transmitters, to sophisticated monitoring, controlling and data logging models. Return to Greyline Products for Level model details and specifications. For information on a wide range of level instrument technologies including ultrasonics, read Wastewater Level Measurement Techniques.
Doppler flow meters measure flow from outside a pipe with a clamp-on sensor. Greyline Doppler meters continuously transmit high frequency sound (640 kHz) that travels through the pipe wall and into the flowing liquid. Sound is reflected back to the sensor from solids or bubbles in the fluid. If the fluid is in motion, the echoes return at an altered frequency proportionate to flow velocity. Doppler flow meters continuously measure this frequency shift to calculate flow.
Measure Flow of dirty or aerated Liquids from Outside a Pipe
The Doppler effect was first documented in 1842 by Christian Doppler, an Austrian physicist. We hear everyday examples of Doppler: the sound of a train whistle changing pitch as it passes by, or the exhaust noise from a race car as it speeds past our location.
The Doppler technique only works on liquids which contain solids or gas bubbles to reflect its signal. These are “difficult” liquids that may damage regular flow meters: slurries, sludge, wastewater, abrasives, viscous and corrosive chemicals. Because the sensor mounts on the outside of the pipe, there is no pressure drop and no obstruction to flow.
For best performance Doppler sensors should be mounted away from turbulence creating devices like pipe elbows and tees, and away from velocity increasing devices like controlling valves and pumps. Typical accuracy is ±2% of full scale. Doppler instruments include a clamp-on ultrasonic sensor, connecting cable and an electronics enclosure which can be mounted at a convenient location nearby (within 500 ft / 152 m). Sensors can be rated intrinsically safe for mounting in hazardous-rated locations.
Very accurate timing circuits are required but 1% accuracy is quite typical when the transducers can be mounted on a pipe section with evenly distributed flow.
Because the ultrasonic signal must cross the pipe to a receiving transducer, the fluid must not contain a significant concentration of bubbles or solids (less than 2%). Otherwise the high frequency sound will be attenuated and too weak to traverse the pipe. Applications include potable water, cooling water, water/glycol solutions, hydraulic oil, fuel oils and chemicals.
Transit Time transducers typically operate in the 1-2 MHz frequencies. Higher frequency designs are normally used in smaller pipes and lower frequencies for large pipes up to several meters in diameter.
Flumes and weirs are specially designed channel shapes that characterize the flow of water. Common types are Rectangular Weirs, V-Notch Weirs, Parshall flumes and Palmer Bowlus flumes. The choice of flume or weir type depends on the application: flow rate, channel shape and solids content of the water. Contact Greyline Instruments for advice on selection of a suitable flume or weir for your application.
Greyline open channel flow meters can be calibrated to any flume or weir by menu selection. The open channel flow meter electronics use an internal formula to calculate flow rate (Flow = K Hn, where ‘K’ and ‘n’ are constants and ‘H’ is Head as measured by the instrument). Calibration to uncommon or custom flumes can be done by direct entry of ‘K’ and ‘n’ constants. Greyline also offers a PC software program “Find K&n” to develop calibration constants from a flume or weir flow chart.
Greyline open channel flow meters include a non-contacting ultrasonic sensor, connecting cable and an electronics enclosure which can be mounted at a convenient location nearby (within 500 ft / 152 m). Sensors can be rated intrinsically safe for mounting in hazardous-rated locations. The instruments display, totalize, transmit and control, and some models include data logging/flow reporting systems.
Measure open channel flow without a flume or weir An Area-Velocity Flow Meter continuously measures both Level and Velocity to calculate flow volume in an open channel or pipe.
The ultrasonic sensor is installed at the bottom of a pipe or channel. To measure water level the sensor transmits ultrasonic pulses that travel through the water and reflect off the liquid surface. The instrument precisely measures the time it takes for echoes to return to the sensor. Based on the speed of sound in water, the level is measured with accuracy of ±0.25%.
Flow velocity is measured with an ultrasonic Doppler signal continuously injected into the water. This high frequency sound (640 KHz) is reflected back to the sensor from particles or bubbles suspended in the liquid. If the fluid is in motion, the echoes return at an altered frequency proportionate to flow velocity. With this technique the instrument measures flow velocity with accuracy of ±2%.
Greyline Area-Velocity Flow Meters work in partially full and surcharged pipes, rectangular, trapezoid and egg-shaped channels.
Optional – Separate Level and Velocity Sensors
A separate down-looking ultrasonic sensor can be used for highly aerated or turbulent flow applications. It measures level by transmitting ultrasonic pulses through the air to the liquid surface with accuracy of ±0.25%. Along with the level sensor, a submerged Doppler velocity sensor is used to measure the water velocity.
